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TIME: Almanac of the 20th Century
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TIME, Almanac of the 20th Century.ISO
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1990
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92
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apr_jun
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0629990.000
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1994-02-27
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<text>
<title>
(Jun. 29, 1992) Boris' Summit Captures Washington
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
June 29, 1992 The Other Side of Ross Perot
</history>
<link 02199>
<link 01440>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
THE WEEK, Page 28
NATION
Boris' Boffo Summit Captures Washington
</hdr><body>
<p>A forthright Yeltsin goes home with new agreements and more
respect
</p>
<p> Confounding all predictions of a ho-hum summit, Boris Yeltsin
swept into Washington like the virtuoso politician he is,
surprising and exciting the blase capital. Russia's first
democratically elected President quickly disposed of the
lingering distractions of strategic-arms control and turned his
attention to what matters most to him: trade and aid for Russia.
</p>
<p> Yeltsin was surely aware that many Administration
officials still tended to view him as a bumpkin and that he
needed to overcome Washington's nostalgia for his sophisticated
predecessor, Mikhail Gorbachev. He succeeded with a confident,
bravura performance that became a personal triumph.
</p>
<p> The first rabbit out of his hat was his agreement to cut
strategic nuclear warheads on each side to between 3,000 and
3,500 -- about a third of their pres ent levels -- over the next
10 years. The reductions are as dramatic as the way they will
be carried out: both sides will abandon outright their
land-based multiple-warhead ballistic missiles.
</p>
<p> For American strategic planners, that is something akin to
putting the genie back into the bottle. While the U.S. was first
to place several warheads, each aimed at a different target,
atop intercontinental missiles, the Soviet Union upped the
ante. It built 308 giant SS-18s with 10 warheads each, which
provided Moscow with what Washington tensely termed a
"first-strike capability," that is, enough power to raise fears
of a possible surprise attack.
</p>
<p> Russia will now scrap its SS-18s and its highly capable
SS-24s. In fact, said Yeltsin, he had already ordered the SS-18s
taken off active status. The U.S. will dismantle its MX missiles
and will bring its Minuteman III missiles down to one warhead
apiece. The U.S. will also cut by more than half the number of
warheads on submarine-based missiles.
</p>
<p> When, along with George Bush, he announced the agreement
at the White House, Yeltsin said the traditional Soviet demand
for strict parity in numbers and strengths had resulted in
Russia "having half its population living below the poverty
line. We cannot afford it."
</p>
<p> That issue disposed of, Yeltsin turned to the development
of the Russian economy. In a speech that moved a joint meeting
of the U.S. Congress to 13 standing ovations, Yeltsin denounced
communism as a failure and pledged to build democracy and a
market economy in Russia. "I will not go back on the reforms,"
he vowed. He urged Congress to pass pending legislation that
will provide broad assistance for Russia, including $12 billion
to support the International Monetary Fund's aid efforts.
</p>
<p> Eager to display an openness surpassing Gorbachev's
glasnost, Yeltsin surmised that a few Americans missing in
action in Vietnam and earlier wars might still be somewhere on
former Soviet territory. Some members of Congress suggested
holding up the aid until they could investigate, but Yeltsin
hurried to reassure them. "Even if one American has been
detained in my country and can still be found," he promised, "I
will find him." A joint Russian-U.S. commission has been set up
to check on all missing military personnel on both sides.
</p>
<p> Congressional leaders predicted the aid legislation would
now move ahead. "He said everything Americans want to hear,"
observed Lee Hamilton, chairman of a key House Foreign Affairs
subcommittee. Yeltsin and Bush then signed seven accords on
economic, scientific and military cooperation. Russia was also
granted most-favored-nation trading status, which reduces
tariffs on Russian goods.
</p>
<p> This is an election year, so Bush will probably have to
keep public pressure on to pass the aid bill. Nevertheless, in
his first official summit, Yeltsin accomplished far more than
anyone had predicted. If the new nuclear accord holds firm,
bilateral arms negotiations, long the meat of East-West
relations, are probably now complete, making Yeltsin seem
absolutely vital to the promising new shape those relations are
taking. In Washington the Gorbachev image is beginning to fade.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>